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A simple function to print a DllStruct on AutoIt. #include <StringConstants.au3> #include <Array.au3> Func DllStructPrint($str, $tag) Local $ret = "" If IsDllStruct($str) Then $tag = StringLower($tag) Local $arr1, $arr2 $arr1 = StringSplit($tag, ";", $STR_NOCOUNT) Local $aLabel[1] For $ii = 0 To UBound($arr1, 1) - 1 If Not ($arr1[$ii] = "struct") And Not ($arr1[$ii] = "endstruct") Then $arr2 = StringSplit($arr1[$ii], " ", $STR_NOCOUNT) If IsArray($arr2) Then _ArrayAdd($aLabel, $arr2[1]) EndIf Next For $ii = 1 To UBound($aLabel, 1) - 1 $ret &= $aLabel[$ii] & "=" & DllStructGetData($str, $aLabel[$ii]) Next ElseIf IsArray($str) Then $ret &= "[" & @LF Local $iSize = UBound($str, 1) - 1 For $ii = 0 To $iSize $ret &= " " & DllStructPrint($str[$ii], $tag) & ($ii = $iSize ? "" : ",") & @LF Next $ret &= "]" & @LF EndIf Return $ret EndFunc ;==>DllStructPrint Local $tag = "Struct;byte key;EndStruct" Local $str1 = DllStructCreate($tag) $str1.key = Random(100, 999) Local $str2 = DllStructCreate($tag) $str2.key = Random(100, 999) Local $str3 = DllStructCreate($tag) $str3.key = Random(100, 999) Local $arr[2] $arr[0] = $str2 $arr[1] = $str3 Local $var1 = DllStructPrint($str1, $tag) ConsoleWrite($var1 & @LF) Local $var2 = DllStructPrint($arr, $tag) ConsoleWrite($var2 & @LF) OUTPUT: key=189 [ key=155, key=62 ]

Hi - Currently I'm playing around with Windows Credential Manager. I'm trying to access it with DllCall("advapi32.dll", ...) using the functions 'CredWriteW', 'CredReadW' and 'CredDeleteW'. All well. Another function I have to deal with is 'CredEnumerateW': https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/wincred/nf-wincred-credenumeratew/ . That's the test code I have so far: #include <Array.au3> #include <String.au3> Local $tCredentialsCount = DllStructCreate("DWORD;") Local $tPointerToArrayOfPointers = DllStructCreate("PTR;") ; Local $tPointerToArrayOfPointers = DllStructCreate(_StringRepeat("PTR;", 200)) ; ??? Local $aResult = DllCall("advapi32.dll", "BOOL", "CredEnumerateW", _ "WSTR", Null, "DWORD", 1, "DWORD", DllStructGetPtr($tCredentialsCount), "PTR", DllStructGetPtr($tPointerToArrayOfPointers)) If (Not @error) Then Local $iCredentialsCount = DllStructGetData($tCredentialsCount, 1) _ArrayDisplay($aResult, $iCredentialsCount) Local $hPointerToArrayOfPointers = DllStructGetData($tPointerToArrayOfPointers, 1) MsgBox(0, "$hPointerToArrayOfPointers", $hPointerToArrayOfPointers) ; Fails... For $i = 1 To 10 ; $iCredentialsCount MsgBox(0, $i & "___" & (($i * 2) - 1), DllStructGetData($tPointerToArrayOfPointers, ($i * 2) - 1)) Next $tCredentialsCount = 0 $tPointerToArrayOfPointers = 0 DllCall("advapi32.dll", "NONE", "CredFreeW", "PTR", $hPointerToArrayOfPointers) EndIf The DllCall seems to function properly - I get a valid count of credentials (on my computer ~ 133) and a pointer "to array of pointers". What is meant by "array of pointers"? Microsoft says: Pointer to an array of pointers to credentials. The returned credential is a single allocated block. Any pointers contained within the buffer are pointers to locations within this single allocated block. How to access these pointers... Contained within the buffer??? Any information you can provide me would be greatly appreciated.

Overview _Security__GetTokenInformation() returns a struct containing raw bytes that represents the requested token information. Take for example, if _Security__GetTokenInformation() called with $iClass parameter is set to $TokenUser, the function returns raw bytes that represents a TOKEN_USER struct, which is defined as follows: typedef struct _TOKEN_USER { SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES User; } TOKEN_USER, *PTOKEN_USER; Subsequently, the SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES struct is defined as follows: typedef struct _SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES {   PSID  Sid;   DWORD Attributes; } SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES, *PSID_AND_ATTRIBUTES; Problems Since SID has variable length, I suppose that interpreting the returned bytes as SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES struct won't be easy as usual. Questions Please inspect my GetTokenInfoUser function below. Have I got a correct value of Attributes member of SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES struct? If I have got the correct value, is my approach efficient? #include <Security.au3> #include <WinAPIHObj.au3> #include <Array.au3> Opt("MustDeclareVars", 1) Func GetTokenInfoUser($hToken) Do ; _Security__GetTokenInformation() returns a struct containing bytes that represents the ; requested token information. Local $tRawTokenInfo = _Security__GetTokenInformation($hToken, $TokenUser) If @error Then MsgBox($MB_SYSTEMMODAL, _WinAPI_GetLastError(), "_Security__GetTokenInformation() fails.") ExitLoop EndIf Local $pRawTokenInfo = DllStructGetPtr($tRawTokenInfo) ; Since SID has variable length, I do not know how to interpret the raw bytes as SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES ; struct unless the SID length is known. Local $tagPtrSid = "align 4; PTR Sid" Local $tPtrSid = DllStructCreate($tagPtrSid, $pRawTokenInfo) Local $pSid = DllStructGetData($tPtrSid, 1) If Not _Security__IsValidSid($pSid) Then ; Just to make sure $pSid is a pointer to a valid SID MsgBox($MB_SYSTEMMODAL, "", "The SID is invalid.") ExitLoop EndIf Local $iSidBytesLen = _Security__GetLengthSid($pSid) ; The length of the binary SID, in bytes ; After the SID length is known, the raw bytes are interpreted as SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES struct Local $tagSID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = "align 4; PTR Sid; BYTE[" & $iSidBytesLen & "]; ULONG Attributes" Local $tSID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = DllStructCreate($tagSID_AND_ATTRIBUTES, $pRawTokenInfo) ; Return the results Local $avResults[2] $avResults[0] = $pSid $avResults[1] = DllStructGetData($tSID_AND_ATTRIBUTES, "Attributes") Return $avResults Until False Return SetError(1, 0, 0) EndFunc ; GetTokenInfoUser Func Main() Do Local $hToken = _Security__OpenProcessToken(_WinAPI_GetCurrentProcess(), $TOKEN_QUERY) If Not $hToken Then MsgBox($MB_SYSTEMMODAL, _WinAPI_GetLastError(), "_Security__OpenProcessToken() fails.") ExitLoop EndIf Local $avResults = GetTokenInfoUser($hToken) If @error Then ExitLoop _ArrayDisplay($avResults) ; Display the results of GetTokenInfoUser() If $hToken Then _WinAPI_CloseHandle($hToken) Return Until False If $hToken Then _WinAPI_CloseHandle($hToken) EndFunc ; Main Main() Thanks in advance.

When the type of a registry value given by RegQueryValueEx() is REG_RESOURCE_LIST constant (i.e. 8), the data received in the lpData (out) parameter is a pointer to a variable of type CM_RESOURCE_LIST struct. According to MSDN, CM_RESOURCE_LIST struct is defined as follows: typedef struct _CM_RESOURCE_LIST { ULONG Count; CM_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR List[1]; } *PCM_RESOURCE_LIST, CM_RESOURCE_LIST; Additionally, CM_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR struct is defined as follows: typedef struct _CM_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR { INTERFACE_TYPE InterfaceType; ULONG BusNumber; CM_PARTIAL_RESOURCE_LIST PartialResourceList; } *PCM_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR, CM_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR; Furthermore, CM_PARTIAL_RESOURCE_LIST struct is defined as follows: typedef struct _CM_PARTIAL_RESOURCE_LIST { USHORT Version; USHORT Revision; ULONG Count; CM_PARTIAL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR PartialDescriptors[1]; } CM_PARTIAL_RESOURCE_LIST, *PCM_PARTIAL_RESOURCE_LIST; Finally, CM_PARTIAL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR struct is defined like that (long enough to be posted here). I have no idea how to create these kind of structs in AutoIt. Please tell me how to write them in AutoIt just until the second struct (CM_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR).

From the documentation of DllStructCreate(), it can be called using the following syntax: DllStructCreate(Struct, Pointer) Struct A string representing the structure to create (See Remarks). Pointer [optional] If supplied the struct will not allocate memory but use the pointer supplied. Would somebody here explain the usage of Pointer parameter clearly with some examples? Thank's in advance.

In the code that follows, it appears that DllStructCreate() is not allocating memory in $tag = 'byte val['&$iLength&']' . . Static Local $tvalue = DllStructCreate($tag) Running the code below, the problem does not show, but it does show in a much longer script: there _GDIPlus_ImageSaveToFile only writes about 30K bytes when it should write about 1MB, which it does when the code is $tag = 'char val['&$iLength&']' . . Static Local $tvalue = DllStructCreate($tag) It should write about 1 MB. I suggest caution in running the code below. On my PC, it caused a second instance of SciTE to appear at the top left of the Desktop, showing only the title bar, with a width of only approximately 200 pixels! Then rebooting the PC showed this at login. Further, double-clicking on the SciTE shortcut on the Desktop showed SciTE in the same way! (After running Regedit, and searching for SciTE, the shortcut behaves normally.) I would appreciate help in determining whether or not there is a bug in DLLStructCreate, preferably a way which does not clobber Windows. Of course, It is possible that there is a bug in my code. I have made $tvalue Static in the hope that this might make the code run properly. Doing this did not help. My code is based on code written by Authenticity and ChrisL. #include <GDIPlus.au3> #include <Array.au3> Opt('MustDeclareVars',1) ; Property Item structure Global Const $tagGDIPPROPERTYITEM = _ "uint id;" & _ ; ID of this property "ulong length;" & _ ; Length of the property value, in bytes "word type;" & _ ; Type of the value, as one of TAG_TYPE_XXX constants "ptr pvalue;" ; pointer to property value ; Image property types constants ; Ref: https://www.media.mit.edu/pia/Research/deepview/exif.html Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUBYTE = 1 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEASCII = 2 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUSHORT = 3 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEULONG = 4 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEURATIONAL = 5 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESBYTE = 6 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUNDEFINED = 7 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESSHORT = 8 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESLONG = 9 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESRATIONAL = 10 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESFLOAT = 11 Global Const $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEDFLOAT = 12 main() Func main() _GDIPlus_Startup() Local $hImage = _GDIPlus_ImageLoadFromFile('H:\temp\AP test data\DSC00824 - Copy.jpg') Local $ar = _GDIPlus_ImageGetAllPropertyItemsEx($hImage) Local $propsAr[UBound($ar,1)-1][5],$vec,$j=-1 For $i = 1 To $ar[0][0] If $ar[$i][3]<>0 Then ; pValue -- for Sony! $j += 1 $propsAr[$j][0] = $ar[$i][0] ; id $propsAr[$j][1] = $ar[$i][1] ; length $propsAr[$j][2] =$ar[$i][2]; type $vec = _GDIPlus_ImageGetPropertyItemValue($ar[$i][1],$ar[$i][2],$ar[$i][3]) $propsAr[$j][3] = $vec[0] ; val1 Switch $ar[$i][2] Case 5,10 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEURATIONAL,$GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESRATIONAL $propsAr[$j][4] = $vec[1] Case Else $propsAr[$j][4] = '' EndSwitch EndIf Next ReDim $propsAr[$j+1][5] For $i = 0 To UBound($propsAr,1)-1 Switch $propsAr[$i][2] ; type Case 5,10 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEURATIONAL,$GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESRATIONAL _GDIPlus_ImageSetPropertyItemEx($hImage,$propsAr[$i][0],$propsAr[$i][1], _ $propsAr[$i][2],$propsAr[$i][3],$propsAr[$i][4]) Case Else _GDIPlus_ImageSetPropertyItemEx($hImage,$propsAr[$i][0],$propsAr[$i][1], _ $propsAr[$i][2],$propsAr[$i][3]) EndSwitch Next _GDIPlus_ImageSaveToFile($hImage,'H:\b\1.jpg') _GDIPlus_ImageDispose($hImage) _GDIPlus_Shutdown() EndFunc Func _GDIPlus_ImageGetAllPropertyItemsEx($hImage) Local $iI, $iCount, $tBuffer, $pBuffer, $iBuffer, $tPropertyItem, $aSize, $aPropertyItems[1][1], $aResult $aSize = _GDIPlus_ImageGetPropertySize($hImage) If @error Then Return SetError(@error, @extended, -1) $iBuffer = $aSize[0] $tBuffer = DllStructCreate("byte[" & $iBuffer & "]") $pBuffer = DllStructGetPtr($tBuffer) $iCount = $aSize[1] $aResult = DllCall($__g_hGDIPDll, "uint", "GdipGetAllPropertyItems", "hwnd", $hImage, "uint", $iBuffer, "uint", $iCount, "ptr", $pBuffer) If @error Then Return SetError(@error, @extended, -1) If $aResult[0] Then Return SetError(10, $aResult[0], False) ReDim $aPropertyItems[$iCount + 1][4] $aPropertyItems[0][0] = $iCount For $iI = 1 To $iCount $tPropertyItem = DllStructCreate($tagGDIPPROPERTYITEM, $pBuffer) $aPropertyItems[$iI][0] = DllStructGetData($tPropertyItem, "id") $aPropertyItems[$iI][1] = DllStructGetData($tPropertyItem, "length") $aPropertyItems[$iI][2] = DllStructGetData($tPropertyItem, "type") $aPropertyItems[$iI][3] = DllStructGetData($tPropertyItem, "pvalue") $pBuffer += DllStructGetSize($tPropertyItem) Next Return $aPropertyItems EndFunc Func _GDIPlus_ImageGetPropertyItemValue($iLength, $iType, $pValue) Static Local $tvalue Switch $iType Case 1,6 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUBYTE,$GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESBYTE $tvalue = DllStructCreate('byte val',$pValue) Case 2 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEASCII $tvalue = DllStructCreate('char val['&$iLength&']',$pValue) Case 3 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUSHORT $tvalue = DllStructCreate('ushort val',$pValue) Case 4 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEULONG $tvalue = DllStructCreate('ulong val',$pValue) Case 5 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEURATIONAL $tvalue = DllStructCreate('ulong val1;ulong val2',$pValue) Case 7 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUNDEFINED ; undefined, per specification, but may be a long but is sometimes a string $tvalue = DllStructCreate('byte val['&$ilength&']',$pValue) ; see _GDIPlus_ImageSetPropertyItemEx ;~ $tvalue = DllStructCreate('char val['&$ilength&']',$pValue) Case 8 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESSHORT $tvalue = DllStructCreate('short val',$pValue) Case 9 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEULONG $tvalue = DllStructCreate('ulong val',$pValue) Case 10 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESRATIONAL $tvalue = DllStructCreate('ulong val1;ulong val2',$pValue) Case 11 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESFLOAT $tvalue = DllStructCreate('float val',$pValue) Case 12 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEDFLOAT $tvalue = DllStructCreate('double val',$pValue) EndSwitch If @error Then Return SetError(@error,0,-1) Switch $iType Case 5,10 ; $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEURATIONAL,$GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESRATIONAL Local $aRet[2] $aRet[0] = DllStructGetData($tvalue,'val1') $aRet[1] = DllStructGetData($tvalue,'val2') Case Else Local $aRet[1] $aRet[0] = DllStructGetData($tvalue,'val') EndSwitch Return $aRet EndFunc Func _GDIPlus_ImageGetPropertySize($hImage) Local $aSize[2], $aResult $aResult = DllCall($__g_hGDIPDll, "uint", "GdipGetPropertySize", "hwnd", $hImage, "uint*", 0, "uint*", 0) If @error Then Return SetError(@error, @extended, -1) $aSize[0] = $aResult[2] $aSize[1] = $aResult[3] Return $aSize EndFunc ;==>_GDIPlus_ImageGetPropertySize Func _GDIPlus_ImageSetPropertyItemEx($hImage,$id,$iLength,$iType,$value1,$value2=-1) Local $tProp = DllStructCreate($tagGDIPPROPERTYITEM) DllStructSetData($tProp,'id',$id) DllStructSetData($tProp,'type',$itype) DllStructSetData($tProp,'length',$ilength) Local $tag Switch $iType Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUBYTE,$GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESBYTE $tag = 'byte val' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEASCII $tag = 'char val['&$iLength&']' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUSHORT $tag = 'ushort val' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEULONG $tag = 'ulong val' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEURATIONAL $tag = 'ulong val1;ulong val2' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUNDEFINED ; undefined, per specification, but may be a long but is sometimes a string $tag = 'byte val['&$iLength&']' ; causes saving to jpeg to write junk ;~ $tag = 'char val['&$iLength&']' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESSHORT $tag = 'short val' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEULONG $tag = 'ulong val' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESRATIONAL $tag = 'long val1;long val2' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESFLOAT $tag = 'float val' Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEDFLOAT $tag = 'double val' EndSwitch Static Local $tvalue = DllStructCreate($tag) Switch $iType Case $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEURATIONAL,$GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPESRATIONAL DllStructSetData($tvalue,'val1',$value1) DllStructSetData($tvalue,'val2',$value2) Case Else DllStructSetData($tvalue,1,$value1) EndSwitch DllStructSetData($tProp,'pvalue',DllStructGetPtr($tvalue)) Local $aResult = DllCall($__g_hGDIPDll, "int", "GdipSetPropertyItem", "hwnd", $hImage, "ptr", _ DllStructGetPtr($tProp)) If @error Then Return SetError(@error, @extended, -1) If $aResult[0] Then Return SetError(10, $aResult[0], -1) Return $aResult[0] = 0 EndFunc I have seen $iLength be as much as 37 KB for $GDIP_PROPERTYTAGTYPEUNDEFINED. Is there is a bug, how can this be demonstrated to the developers in a few lines of code (without clobbering Windows)?

Struggling a bit to get this GDI+ function converted to AutoIt. #include <GDIPlus.au3> _GDIPlus_Startup() Global $hImage = _GDIPlus_ImageLoadFromFile("F:\DCIM\Camera\20170515_111804.jpg") Global $tBufferSize = DllStructCreate("uint") Global $tProperties = DllStructCreate("uint") _GDIPlus_GetPropertySize($hImage, $tBufferSize, $tProperties) Global $tAllItems = DllStructCreate("struct;char[" & DllStructGetData($tBufferSize, 1) & "];endstruct") _GDIPlus_GetAllPropertyItems($hImage, $tBufferSize, $tProperties, $tPropertyItem) _GDIPlus_ImageDispose($hImage) _GDIPlus_Shutdown() Func _GDIPlus_GetAllPropertyItems(ByRef $hImage, Const $tTotalBufferSize, Const $tNumProperties, ByRef $tAllItems) If (Not IsDllStruct($tPropertyItem)) Then Return SetError(-1, 0, "") Local $aResult = DllCall($__g_hGDIPDll, "int", "GdipGetAllPropertyItems", "hwnd", $hImage, "unit", DllStructGetData($tTotalBufferSize, 1), "uint", DllStructGetData($tNumProperties, 1), "ptr", DllStructGetPtr($tAllItems)) If (@error) Then Return SetError(@error, @extended, ConsoleWrite("@Error = " & @error & @LF)) If ($aResult[0]) Then Return SetError($aResult[0], @extended, "") Return $aResult[0] EndFunc ;==>_GDIPlus_GetAllPropertyItems Func _GDIPlus_GetPropertySize(Const ByRef $hImage, ByRef $tTotalBufferSize, ByRef $tNumProperties) If (Not IsDllStruct($tTotalBufferSize)) Then Return SetError(-1, 0, "") If (Not IsDllStruct($tNumProperties)) Then Return SetError(-2, 0, "") Local $aResult = DllCall($__g_hGDIPDll, "uint", "GdipGetPropertySize", "hwnd", $hImage, "uint_ptr", DllStructGetPtr($tTotalBufferSize), "uint_ptr", DllStructGetPtr($tNumProperties)) If (@error) Then Return SetError(@error, @extended, "") If ($aResult[0]) Then Return SetError($aResult[0], 0, "") Return $aResult[0] EndFunc ;==>_GDIPlus_GetPropertySize Got the GetPropertySize function to work, gives me the correct buffer size and the property count, but I cannot figure out how to get the struct for the all items. Function on MSDN: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms535372(v=vs.85).aspx Struct needed: PropertyItem class: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms534493(v=vs.85).aspx Found other topics about this function in other languages where they used a blank string as the buffer, so I tried using a char array, which doesn't work. Just cannot figure out how to create the struct buffer to hold the data.

I know you can store functions in variables but I'm interested in storing functions in structs. Global $tWindow = DllStructCreate("hwnd hwnd;ptr delete") $tWindow.hwnd = GUICreate("") ; works Global $pDelete = GUIDelete ; doesn't work $tWindow.delete = GUIDelete ConsoleWrite("Delete using $tWindow.delete: " & $tWindow.delete() & @LF) ConsoleWrite("Delete using $pDelete: " & $pDelete() & @LF) Maybe I'm using the wrong data type for my delete member, I've tried int, dword, ptr, handle, hwnd.