rmckay Posted April 13, 2020 Posted April 13, 2020 (edited) I'm trying to understand the use of TreeWalker and DllCall()s. My ultimate goal is to use TreeWalker to list all children of webpages. I've been working through the files for UIASpy to understand the logic. After a weeks worth of searching for examples I'm still stuck on the reason for the repeated use of DllCalls in most of the functions. Here is an example - the function 'UIASpy_CheckWindows()' (located in UIASpy_Elements.au3) is called from file UIASpy_Gui.au3. In the function the following DllCall is used: DllCall( "user32.dll", "lresult", "SendMessageW", "hwnd", $hTV, "uint", $TVM_GETITEMW, "wparam", 0, "struct*", $tItem ) I understand that the function 'SendMessageW' in 'user32.dll' sends a message to the window $hTV. The message is '$TVM_GETNEXTITEM' and '$tItem' is a struct with additional information - Microsoft Doc -https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-sendmessagew. The window $hTV is created in UIASpy_Gui.au3 and that's where I get lost. Is there code in UIASpy_Gui.au3 that handles this message? I don't know what to look for. This procedure - Function called that contains DllCall (SendMessage) is repeatedly used. Thanks in advance. Edited April 13, 2020 by rmckay Typo
LarsJ Posted April 15, 2020 Posted April 15, 2020 UI Automation TreeWalker objects and DllCall() functions have absolutely nothing to do with each other. The purpose of the DllCall() functions is to implement compact and fast versions of the _GUICtrlTreeView_ and _GUICtrlListView_ functions. The line you've copied is one of three lines: DllStructSetData( $tItem, "hItem", $hChild ) DllCall( "user32.dll", "lresult", "SendMessageW", "hwnd", $hTV, "uint", $TVM_GETITEMW, "wparam", 0, "struct*", $tItem ) $iIdx = DllStructGetData( $tItem, "Param" ) - 100000 It's a compact and fast version of _GUICtrlTreeView_GetItemParam(). The message sent by SendMessage is handled by the Windows operating system (not AutoIt). Based on the information provided with the message, the operating system returns the treeview item param in the $tItem struct. To list all controls in a window, you would typically use a recursive procedure like this: expandcollapse popup#AutoIt3Wrapper_Au3Check_Parameters=-d -w 1 -w 2 -w 3 -w 4 -w 5 -w 6 -w 7 #AutoIt3Wrapper_UseX64=y Opt( "MustDeclareVars", 1 ) #include "UIA_Constants.au3" ; Array index offset relative to UIA_ControlTypeIds = -50000 Global Const $aUIControls = [ _ "Button", "Calendar", "CheckBox", "ComboBox", "Edit", "Hyperlink", "Image", "ListItem", "List", "Menu", _ "MenuBar", "MenuItem", "ProgressBar", "RadioButton", "ScrollBar", "Slider", "Spinner", "StatusBar", "Tab", "TabItem", _ "Text", "ToolBar", "ToolTip", "Tree", "TreeItem", "Custom", "Group", "Thumb", "DataGrid", "DataItem", _ "Document", "SplitButton", "Window", "Pane", "Header", "HeaderItem", "Table", "TitleBar", "Separator", "SemanticZoom", _ "AppBar" ] Global $oUIAutomation Example() Func Example() ; Create UI Automation object $oUIAutomation = ObjCreateInterface( $sCLSID_CUIAutomation, $sIID_IUIAutomation, $dtag_IUIAutomation ) If Not IsObj( $oUIAutomation ) Then Return ConsoleWrite( "$oUIAutomation ERR" & @CRLF ) ConsoleWrite( "$oUIAutomation OK" & @CRLF ) ; Get Desktop element Local $pDesktop, $oDesktop $oUIAutomation.GetRootElement( $pDesktop ) $oDesktop = ObjCreateInterface( $pDesktop, $sIID_IUIAutomationElement, $dtag_IUIAutomationElement ) If Not IsObj( $oDesktop ) Then Return ConsoleWrite( "$oDesktop ERR" & @CRLF ) ConsoleWrite( "$oDesktop OK" & @CRLF ) ; Chrome condition Local $pCondition0 $oUIAutomation.CreatePropertyCondition( $UIA_ClassNamePropertyId, "Chrome_WidgetWin_1", $pCondition0 ) If Not $pCondition0 Then Return ConsoleWrite( "$pCondition0 ERR" & @CRLF ) ConsoleWrite( "$pCondition0 OK" & @CRLF ) ; Find pane control Local $pPane1, $oPane1 $oDesktop.FindFirst( $TreeScope_Children, $pCondition0, $pPane1 ) $oPane1 = ObjCreateInterface( $pPane1, $sIID_IUIAutomationElement, $dtag_IUIAutomationElement ) If Not IsObj( $oPane1 ) Then Return ConsoleWrite( "$oPane1 ERR" & @CRLF ) ConsoleWrite( "$oPane1 OK" & @CRLF & @CRLF ) ; List all automation elements of a window ; in a hierarchical structure like a treeview. ListDescendants( $oPane1 ) ;ListDescendants( $oPane1, 2 ) ; Only two levels EndFunc ; List all child elements of parent Func ListDescendants( $oParent, $iLevels = 0, $iLevel = 0 ) If Not IsObj( $oParent ) Then Return If $iLevels And $iLevel = $iLevels Then Return ; Create RawViewWalker object Local $pRawViewWalker, $oRawViewWalker $oUIAutomation.RawViewWalker( $pRawViewWalker ) $oRawViewWalker = ObjCreateInterface( $pRawViewWalker, $sIID_IUIAutomationTreeWalker, $dtag_IUIAutomationTreeWalker ) If Not IsObj( $oRawViewWalker ) Then Return ConsoleWrite( "$oRawViewWalker ERR" & @CRLF ) ; Get first child element Local $pUIElement, $oUIElement $oRawViewWalker.GetFirstChildElement( $oParent, $pUIElement ) $oUIElement = ObjCreateInterface( $pUIElement, $sIID_IUIAutomationElement, $dtag_IUIAutomationElement ) Local $sIndent = "" For $i = 0 To $iLevel - 1 $sIndent &= " " Next Local $iControl, $sElement While IsObj( $oUIElement ) $oUIElement.GetCurrentPropertyValue( $UIA_ControlTypePropertyId, $iControl ) $oUIElement.GetCurrentPropertyValue( $UIA_NamePropertyId, $sElement ) ConsoleWrite( $sIndent & $aUIControls[$iControl-50000] & ( $sElement ? ": " & $sElement : "" ) & @CRLF ) ListDescendants( $oUIElement, $iLevels, $iLevel + 1 ) $oRawViewWalker.GetNextSiblingElement( $oUIElement, $pUIElement ) $oUIElement = ObjCreateInterface( $pUIElement, $sIID_IUIAutomationElement, $dtag_IUIAutomationElement ) WEnd EndFunc Output of your original post (before I added my post) displayed in Chrome: expandcollapse popup$oUIAutomation OK $oDesktop OK $pCondition0 OK $oPane1 OK Document: Using DllCall() in UIASpy - AutoIt General Help and Support - AutoIt Forums Custom Custom Custom Custom Hyperlink: AutoIt Logo Image: AutoIt Logo List ListItem Hyperlink: Existing user? Sign In Text: Existing user? Sign In Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: Sign Up Text: Sign Up Custom Custom Custom Custom Custom Edit: Search... Button Custom Text: ? 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Custom Hyperlink: Posted Text: Posted Edit: 04/13/2020 08:40 PM Text: Monday at 08:40 PM Text: Text: (edited) Custom Table Custom Text: I'm trying to understand the use of TreeWalker and DllCall()s. My ultimate goal is to use TreeWalker to list all children of webpages. I've been working through the files for UIASpy to understand the logic. After a weeks worth of searching for examples I'm still stuck on the reason for the repeated use of DllCalls in most of the functions. Here is an example - the function 'UIASpy_CheckWindows()' (located in UIASpy_Elements.au3) is called from file UIASpy_Gui.au3. In the function the following DllCall is used: Edit Hyperlink: DllCall Text: DllCall Text: ( Text: Text: "user32.dll" Text: , Text: Text: "lresult" Text: , Text: Text: "SendMessageW" Text: , Text: Text: "hwnd" Text: , Text: Text: $hTV Text: , Text: Text: "uint" Text: , Text: Text: $TVM_GETITEMW Text: , Text: Text: "wparam" Text: , Text: Text: 0 Text: , Text: Text: "struct*" Text: , Text: Text: $tItem Text: Text: ) Custom Text: I understand that the function 'SendMessageW' in 'user32.dll' sends a message to the window $hTV. The message is '$TVM_GETNEXTITEM' and '$tItem' is a struct with additional information - Microsoft Doc - Hyperlink: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-sendmessagew Text: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-sendmessagew Text: . The window $hTV is created in UIASpy_Gui.au3 and that's where I get lost. Is there code in UIASpy_Gui.au3 that handles this message? I don't know what to look for. This procedure - Function called that contains DllCall (SendMessage) is repeatedly used. Thanks in advance. Text: Edited Edit: 04/13/2020 08:42 PM Text: Monday at 08:42 PM Text: by rmckay Custom: Text: Typo Custom Custom List Hyperlink Custom Custom: Create an account or sign in to comment Text: Create an account or sign in to comment Custom Text: You need to be a member in order to leave a comment Table Custom: Create an account Text: Create an account Custom Text: Sign up for a new account in our community. It's easy! Hyperlink: Register a new account Text: Register a new account Custom: Sign in Text: Sign in Custom Text: Already have an account? Sign in here. Hyperlink: Sign In Now Text: Sign In Now Table Table Table Custom Hyperlink: GO TO TOPIC LISTING Text: GO TO TOPIC LISTING Custom Text: ? Separator List ListItem Hyperlink: Share on LinkedIn Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: Share on Twitter Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: Share on Facebook Custom Text: ? 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Custom Hyperlink: Posted Text: Posted Edit: 04/13/2020 08:40 PM Text: Monday at 08:40 PM Text: Text: (edited) Custom Table Custom Text: I'm trying to understand the use of TreeWalker and DllCall()s. My ultimate goal is to use TreeWalker to list all children of webpages. I've been working through the files for UIASpy to understand the logic. After a weeks worth of searching for examples I'm still stuck on the reason for the repeated use of DllCalls in most of the functions. Here is an example - the function 'UIASpy_CheckWindows()' (located in UIASpy_Elements.au3) is called from file UIASpy_Gui.au3. In the function the following DllCall is used: Edit Hyperlink: DllCall Text: DllCall Text: ( Text: Text: "user32.dll" Text: , Text: Text: "lresult" Text: , Text: Text: "SendMessageW" Text: , Text: Text: "hwnd" Text: , Text: Text: $hTV Text: , Text: Text: "uint" Text: , Text: Text: $TVM_GETITEMW Text: , Text: Text: "wparam" Text: , Text: Text: 0 Text: , Text: Text: "struct*" Text: , Text: Text: $tItem Text: Text: ) Custom Text: I understand that the function 'SendMessageW' in 'user32.dll' sends a message to the window $hTV. The message is '$TVM_GETNEXTITEM' and '$tItem' is a struct with additional information - Microsoft Doc - Hyperlink: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-sendmessagew Text: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-sendmessagew Text: . The window $hTV is created in UIASpy_Gui.au3 and that's where I get lost. Is there code in UIASpy_Gui.au3 that handles this message? I don't know what to look for. This procedure - Function called that contains DllCall (SendMessage) is repeatedly used. Thanks in advance. Text: Edited Edit: 04/13/2020 08:42 PM Text: Monday at 08:42 PM Text: by rmckay Custom: Text: Typo Custom Custom List Hyperlink Custom Custom: Create an account or sign in to comment Text: Create an account or sign in to comment Custom Text: You need to be a member in order to leave a comment Table Custom: Create an account Text: Create an account Custom Text: Sign up for a new account in our community. It's easy! Hyperlink: Register a new account Text: Register a new account Custom: Sign in Text: Sign in Custom Text: Already have an account? Sign in here. Hyperlink: Sign In Now Text: Sign In Now Table Table Table Custom Hyperlink: GO TO TOPIC LISTING Text: GO TO TOPIC LISTING Custom Text: ? Separator List ListItem Hyperlink: Share on LinkedIn Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: Share on Twitter Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: Share on Facebook Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: Share on Reddit Custom Text: ? List ListItem Custom: Similar Content Text: Similar Content List ListItem Custom Hyperlink: rmckay Image: rmckay Table Hyperlink: Retrieve items from combo box with FindAll() Text: Retrieve items from combo box with FindAll() Text: By Hyperlink: rmckay Text: rmckay Custom: Text: Hello, Custom: Text: I'm trying to set a value in a combo box on a Chrome web page. I've checked that the Chrome://accessibility is on and have checked to see that it's working with one of @LarsJ's scripts. I've... ListItem Custom Hyperlink: rmckay Image: rmckay Table Hyperlink: Need help with $UIA_NativeWindowHandlePropertyId Text: Need help with $UIA_NativeWindowHandlePropertyId Text: By Hyperlink: rmckay Text: rmckay Custom: Text: Hello, Custom: Text: I'm trying to automate the settings of combo boxes in a program. The combo boxes are child windows of two different windows. They have the similar but different titles so I can locate... ListItem Custom Hyperlink: rmckay Image: rmckay Table Hyperlink: Using SetValue() on Slider Control Text: Using SetValue() on Slider Control Text: By Hyperlink: rmckay Text: rmckay Custom: Text: I'm trying to set the slider in a window using RangeValuePattern.SetValue(). The window is used to set the start point for replaying market data in the app NinjaTrader 8. When using the Action window in Inspect.exe I can set a value and the slider responds. When I run a script that selects the slider and uses .SetValue() with the same value the slider does not move. I've tried giving... ListItem Custom Hyperlink: Earthshine Image: Earthshine Table Hyperlink: Fun with TreeWalkers Text: Fun with TreeWalkers Text: By Hyperlink: Earthshine Text: Earthshine Custom: Text: So, I made this console app--using TreeWalkers of course to walk the UI Tree-- that starts at the root and looks for enabled, active controls--and in piping that to a file, I got this (edited, lots of controls in that list), above. LOL, so, those commands that are stored in memory are control elements! Sweet. this UIAutomation stuff is awesome. @junkew got me into this, blame his... ListItem Custom Hyperlink: souldjer777 Image: souldjer777 Table Hyperlink: SetFocus on list item - Don't know what I'm doing wrong Text: SetFocus on list item - Don't know what I'm doing wrong Text: By Hyperlink: souldjer777 Text: souldjer777 Custom: Text: Good Morning, Custom: Text: I'm trying to use the code I had previously to select an item from a list. I believe I want to "setfocus". However, I'm getting and error and I believe it's my code. I don't know what Global... ListItem Custom Custom Custom Document Document Custom Custom Custom Custom Custom Custom: mulesoft.com Hyperlink: Modern Design Techniques Text: Modern Design Techniques Custom Hyperlink: Great Practices Around How To Plan, Design, Build, Manage and Share Your APIs. Text: Great Practices Around How To Plan, Design, Build, Manage and Share Your APIs. Custom: mulesoft.com Hyperlink: mulesoft.com Text: mulesoft.com Hyperlink: OPEN Text: OPEN Custom Document Document Custom List ListItem Hyperlink: All Activity Text: ? Text: Text: All Activity List ListItem Hyperlink: Home Custom Text: ? Text: Home Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: AutoIt v3 Text: AutoIt v3 Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: AutoIt Help and Support Text: AutoIt Help and Support Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: AutoIt General Help and Support Text: AutoIt General Help and Support Custom Text: ? ListItem Text: Using DllCall() in UIASpy Custom Custom List ListItem Hyperlink: Theme Text: Theme Custom Text: ? ListItem Hyperlink: Privacy Policy Text: Privacy Policy ListItem Hyperlink: Contact Us Text: Contact Us Custom Custom Hyperlink: Powered by Invision Community Text: Powered by Invision Community Pane rmckay 1 Controls, File Explorer, ROT objects, UI Automation, Windows Message MonitorCompiled code: Accessing AutoIt variables, DotNet.au3 UDF, Using C# and VB codeShell menus: The Context menu, The Favorites menu. Shell related: Control Panel, System Image ListsGraphics related: Rubik's Cube, OpenGL without external libraries, Navigating in an image, Non-rectangular selectionsListView controls: Colors and fonts, Multi-line header, Multi-line items, Checkboxes and icons, Incremental searchListView controls: Virtual ListViews, Editing cells, Data display functions
rmckay Posted April 15, 2020 Author Posted April 15, 2020 @LarsJ, Thanks. Like I said, I've been trying to understand recursive use of Treewalker() for what seems like weeks. I've still got to study your code in detail but I'm finally headed in the right direction. LarsJ 1
LarsJ Posted April 16, 2020 Posted April 16, 2020 The code in this post is slightly updated to show the top window as the first level. UIA_Constants.au3 can be copied from UI Automation UDFs. rmckay 1 Controls, File Explorer, ROT objects, UI Automation, Windows Message MonitorCompiled code: Accessing AutoIt variables, DotNet.au3 UDF, Using C# and VB codeShell menus: The Context menu, The Favorites menu. Shell related: Control Panel, System Image ListsGraphics related: Rubik's Cube, OpenGL without external libraries, Navigating in an image, Non-rectangular selectionsListView controls: Colors and fonts, Multi-line header, Multi-line items, Checkboxes and icons, Incremental searchListView controls: Virtual ListViews, Editing cells, Data display functions
rmckay Posted April 16, 2020 Author Posted April 16, 2020 Hi @LarsJ, As always, I appreciate the help. I thought I was starting to have a decent grasp of AutoIt. I'm beginning to realize that I've just scratched the surface. It'll take me a while to digest all of this - new territory. Will get back to you if I get stumped again. Thanks
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