Disk and Device Read/Write Statistics

[Ascend4nt 123]

Disk and Device Read/Write (I/O) Statistics

---

This is an example of getting and displaying Read/Write Activity for all Disks and Device I/O.  The actual UDF function _NTQuerySysPerfInfo() returns a whole lot more Performance Information for the computer; however, we are focused on I/O activitiy here.

This was written as a faster alternative to WMI, as well as an alternative to >Performance Counters (see my >Physical Disk Read/Write activity example).

Update 2013-07-06:

Changed: Renamed module

Changed: _AddCommas now uses a nicer PCRE

Fixed - Copy and paste errors

Added - Comma separators

DiskDeviceIOStatistics.au3

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; ========================================================================================================
; <DiskDeviceIOStatistics.au3>
;
; Example of reading and displaying Disk and Device I/O Statistics, using a 'Spash' window
;  NOTE There is alot more data returned from _NTSysPerformanceInfo(), but
;  for our purposes, we focus only on I/O data
;
; Functions:
;    _NTSysPerformanceInfo()        ; Returns I/O and a whole slew of other Performance Info
;
; Author: Ascend4nt
; ========================================================================================================

; ===================================================================================================================
; Func _NTSysPerformanceInfo()
;
; Returns Disk & Device I/O Statistics (and much more) from NtQuerySystemInformation.
;
; NOTE: ZWReadFile and ZWWriteFile are low-level File I/O that are called by higher-level File I/O
;    (such as ReadFile and WriteFile)
;
; Returns:
;  Success: Array of I/O and Performance Stats:
;    [0]  = Idle Time of all CPU's on the system (in 100-nanosecond intervals)
;    [1]  = # of Bytes Read through ZWReadFile calls
;    [2]  = # of Bytes Written through ZWWriteFile calls
;    [3]  = # of Bytes for all Other I/O Operations (such as Device I/O)
;    [4]  = # of calls made to ZWReadFile (NOT the # of bytes - see [1])
;    [5]  = # of calls made to ZWWriteFile (NOT the # of bytes - see [2])
;    [6]  = # of calls to other I/O Operations (such as Device I/O) - see [3]
;    [7]  = # of Physical Pages Available to Processes
;    [8]  = # of Commited Pages of Virtual Memory
;    [9]  = Commit Limit - # of Pages that can be committed before extending PageFile
;    [10] = Peak # of Pages of Committed Virtual Memory
;    [11] = # of Page Faults (soft and hard)
;    [12] = # of Write Faults (attempts to write to copy-on-write pages)
;    [13] = # of Soft Page Faults [TransitionFaults]
;    [14] = # of Demand Zero Faults
;    [15] = # of Pages Read from Disk to Resolve Page Faults
;    [16] = # of Read Operations to Resolve Page Faults [not # of pages]
;    [17] = # of Pages Written to System's Pagefiles
;    [18] = # of Write operations performed on System's Pagefiles
;    .. alot more info (see SYSTEM_PERFORMANCE_INFO structure) ..
;    [73] = # of System Calls
;
;  Failure: "" with @error set:
;     @error = 2: DLLCall error, @extended = error returned from DLLCall
;    @error = 3: NTSTATUS returned error code, @extended contains error code
;
; Author: Ascend4nt
; ===================================================================================================================

Func _NTQuerySysPerfInfo()
#cs
    ; SYSTEM_PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION Defined as size 312 in latest <winternl.h>,
    ;  but on Win7 this is 328 (both 32-bit and 64-bit modes).
    ; For now I've added a buffer at the end of 16 bytes (+ 16 more for future issues).
    ; Hopefully eventually I'll be able to track down what the extra data is.
    ; Its obviously not a 32-bit vs 64-bit size difference..
#ce
    Local Const $tagSYSTEM_PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION = "uint64 IdleTime;uint64 ReadTransferCount;uint64 WriteTransferCount;uint64 OtherTransferCount;" & _
        "ULONG ReadOperationCount;ULONG WriteOperationCount;ULONG OtherOperationCount;" & _
        "ULONG AvailablePages;ULONG TotalCommittedPages;ULONG TotalCommitLimit;ULONG PeakCommitment;" & _
        "ULONG PageFaults;ULONG WriteCopyFaults;ULONG TransitionFaults;ULONG Reserved1;ULONG DemandZeroFaults;ULONG PagesRead;ULONG PageReadIos;" & _
        "ULONG Reserved2[2];ULONG PagefilePagesWritten;ULONG PagefilePageWriteIos;ULONG MappedFilePagesWritten;ULONG MappedFilePageWriteIos;" & _
        "ULONG PagedPoolUsage;ULONG NonPagedPoolUsage;ULONG PagedPoolAllocs;ULONG PagedPoolFrees;ULONG NonPagedPoolAllocs;ULONG NonPagedPoolFrees;" & _
        "ULONG TotalFreeSystemPtes;ULONG SystemCodePage;ULONG TotalSystemDriverPages;ULONG TotalSystemCodePages;" & _
        "ULONG SmallNonPagedLookasideListAllocateHits;ULONG SmallPagedLookasideListAllocateHits;ULONG Reserved3;" & _
        "ULONG MmSystemCachePage;ULONG PagedPoolPage;ULONG SystemDriverPage;" & _
        "ULONG FastReadNoWait;ULONG FastReadWait;ULONG FastReadResourceMiss;ULONG FastReadNotPossible;ULONG FastMdlReadNoWait;" & _
        "ULONG FastMdlReadWait;ULONG FastMdlReadResourceMiss;ULONG FastMdlReadNotPossible;" & _
        "ULONG MapDataNoWait;ULONG MapDataWait;ULONG MapDataNoWaitMiss;ULONG MapDataWaitMiss;" & _
        "ULONG PinMappedDataCount;ULONG PinReadNoWait;ULONG PinReadWait;ULONG PinReadNoWaitMiss;ULONG PinReadWaitMiss;" & _
        "ULONG CopyReadNoWait;ULONG CopyReadWait;ULONG CopyReadNoWaitMiss;ULONG CopyReadWaitMiss;" & _
        "ULONG MdlReadNoWait;ULONG MdlReadWait;ULONG MdlReadNoWaitMiss;ULONG MdlReadWaitMiss;" & _
        "ULONG ReadAheadIos;ULONG LazyWriteIos;ULONG LazyWritePages;ULONG DataFlushes;ULONG DataPages;" & _
        "ULONG ContextSwitches;ULONG FirstLevelTbFills;ULONG SecondLevelTbFills;ULONG SystemCalls;" & "ULONG Buffer[8];"

    Local $stSysPerfInfo,$iSysInfoLen

    $stSysPerfInfo = DllStructCreate($tagSYSTEM_PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION)
    $iSysInfoLen = DllStructGetSize($stSysPerfInfo)

;~     ConsoleWrite("SYSTEM_PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION structure size:" & $iSysInfoLen & @CRLF)

    ; SystemPerformanceInformation = class 2
    Local $aRet=DllCall("ntdll.dll","long","NtQuerySystemInformation","int",2,"ptr",DllStructGetPtr($stSysPerfInfo),"ulong",$iSysInfoLen,"ulong*",0)
    If @error Then Return SetError(2, @error, "")

    ; NTSTATUS of something OTHER than success?
    If $aRet[0] Then
;~         If $aRet[0] = 0xC0000004 Then ConsoleWrite("STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH, size required: " &$aRet[4] & @CRLF)
        Return SetError(3, $aRet[0], "")
    EndIf

;~     If $aRet[4]<>$iSysInfoLen Then ConsoleWriteError("Size mismatch: $stInfo struct length="&$iSysInfoLen&", ReturnLength="&$aRet[4]&@LF)

;~     _DLLStructDisplay($stSysPerfInfo, $tagSYSTEM_PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION)

    Dim $aRet[74]
    For $i = 1 To 74
        $aRet[$i - 1] = DllStructGetData($stSysPerfInfo, $i)
    Next
    Return $aRet
EndFunc


; ====================================================================================================
; Func _AddCommas($sString)
;
; Simple PCRE to add commas - borrowed from StackOverflow
; "regex - Insert commas into number string" - answer by toolkit:
; @ http://stackoverflow.com/a/721415
;
; Author: Ascend4nt
; ====================================================================================================

Func _AddCommas($sString)
    Return StringRegExpReplace($sString, "(\d)(?=(\d{3})+$)", "$1,")
EndFunc


;   --------------------    HOTKEY FUNCTION & VARIABLE --------------------

Global $bHotKeyPressed = False

Func _EscPressed()
    $bHotKeyPressed=True
EndFunc

;   --------------------    MAIN PROGRAM CODE   --------------------

HotKeySet("{Esc}", "_EscPressed")

Local $hSplash, $sSplashText
Local $aIOStats


$aIOStats = _NTQuerySysPerfInfo()
If @error Then
    Exit ConsoleWrite("@error = " &@error & ", @extended = " &Hex(@extended) & @CRLF)
EndIf

ConsoleWrite(" I/O Stats: Read = " & _AddCommas($aIOStats[1]) & "; Write = " & _AddCommas($aIOStats[2]) & "; Other = " & _AddCommas($aIOStats[3]) & @CRLF)

$hSplash=SplashTextOn("Hard Drive Usage Information", "", 740, 24 + (4 * 15), Default, Default, 16+4, "Lucida Console", 11)

; Start loop
Do
    $aIOStats = _NTQuerySysPerfInfo()
    $sSplashText  = StringFormat("%50s", "== I/O Stats ==") & @CRLF
    $sSplashText &= StringFormat("Read = %20s | Write = %20s | Other = %20s", _AddCommas($aIOStats[1]), _AddCommas($aIOStats[2]), _AddCommas($aIOStats[3])) & @CRLF

    $sSplashText &= @CRLF & StringFormat("%48s", "[ESC] Exits") & @CRLF

    ControlSetText($hSplash, "", "[CLASS:Static; INSTANCE:1]", $sSplashText)

    Sleep(500)
Until $bHotKeyPressed

Edited August 1, 2013 by Ascend4nt

[Ascend4nt 123]

Small changes - renamed module, changed _AddCommas() function. See 1st post

[guinness 1,488]

Very nice. I also like the regular expression you found.

[Ascend4nt 123]

Very nice. I also like the regular expression you found.

 

[reference: StringRegExpReplace($sString, "(d)(?=(d{3})+$)", "$1,")]

You know, that regular expression was difficult to understand at first.  I got caught up on thinking about look-aheads as very definitive expressions, but this one allows any number of groups-of-3-digits - or maybe I should say,  a multiple of 3. It's actually quite clever when you understand how it moves from left to right picking off only those numbers followed by 3^x digits.  Seems there's always something new to learn in regular expressions

[guinness 1,488]

True, I read it as though it was d{3,} but yeah I learn something new everyday about regular expressions.